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Speculative realism is a movement in contemporary philosophy which defines itself loosely in its stance of metaphysical realism against the dominant forms of post-Kantian philosophy (or what it terms ''correlationism''). Speculative realism takes its name from a conference held at Goldsmiths College, University of London in April 2007.〔(Brassier, Ray, Iain Hamilton Grant, Graham Harman, and Quentin Meillassoux. 2007. "Speculative Realism" in ''Collapse III: Unknown Deleuze''. London: Urbanomic. )〕 The conference was moderated by Alberto Toscano of Goldsmiths College, and featured presentations by Ray Brassier of American University of Beirut (then at Middlesex University), Iain Hamilton Grant of the University of the West of England, Graham Harman of the American University in Cairo, and Quentin Meillassoux of the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. Credit for the name "speculative realism" is generally ascribed to Brassier,〔(Graham Harman, "brief SR/OOO tutorial." )〕 though Meillassoux had already used the term "speculative materialism" to describe his own position.〔Graham Harman, "brief SR/OOO tutorial."〕 A second conference, entitled "Speculative Realism/Speculative Materialism", took place at the UWE Bristol on Friday 24 April 2009, two years after the original event at Goldsmiths.〔(Mark Fisher, "Speculative Realism," Frieze. )〕 The line-up consisted of Ray Brassier, Iain Hamilton Grant, Graham Harman, and (in place of Meillassoux who was unable to attend) Alberto Toscano.〔Mark Fisher, "Speculative Realism," Frieze.〕 ==Critique of correlationism== While often in disagreement over basic philosophical issues, the speculative realist thinkers have a shared resistance to philosophies of human finitude inspired by the tradition of Immanuel Kant. What unites the four core members of the movement is an attempt to overcome both "correlationism" as well as "philosophies of access". In ''After Finitude'', Meillassoux defines correlationism as "the idea according to which we only ever have access to the correlation between thinking and being, and never to either term considered apart from the other."〔Quentin Meillassoux, ''After Finitude'', 5.〕 Philosophies of access are any of those philosophies which privilege the human being over other entities. Both ideas represent forms of anthropocentrism. All four of the core thinkers within Speculative Realism work to overturn these forms of philosophy which privilege the human being, favouring distinct forms of realism against the dominant forms of idealism in much of contemporary philosophy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Speculative realism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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